In Notice 2020-71, the IRS recently announced per diem rates that can be used to substantiate the number of business expenses incurred for travel away from home on or after Oct. 1, 2020. Employers using these rates to set per diem allowances can treat the number of certain categories of travel expenses as substantiated without requiring that employees prove the actual amount spent. (Employees must still substantiate the time, place, and business purposes of their travel expenses.)
The amount deemed substantiated will be the lesser of the allowance actually paid or the applicable per diem rate for the same set of expenses. This notice, which replaces Notice 2019-55, announces:
- Rates for use under the optional high-low substantiation method,
- Special rates for transportation industry employers, and
- The rate for taxpayers taking a deduction only for incidental expenses.
Updated general guidance issued in 2019 regarding the use of per diems under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) remains in effect.
High-low method
For travel within the continental United States, the optional high-low method designates one per diem rate for high-cost locations and another for other locations. Employers can use the high-low method for substantiating lodging, meals, and incidental expenses, or for substantiating meal and incidental expenses (M&IE) only.
Beginning Oct. 1, 2020, the high-low per diem rate that can be used for lodging, meals, and incidental expenses decreases to $292 (from $297) for travel to high-cost locations and decreases to $198 (from $200) for travel to other locations. The high-low M&IE rates are unchanged at $71 for travel to high-cost locations and $60 for travel to other locations. Five locations have been added to the list of high-cost locations, two have been removed and 10 that remain on the list are now considered high-cost for a different portion of the calendar year.
Although self-employed persons can’t use the high-low method, they can use other per diem rates to calculate the amount of their business expense deduction for business meals and incidental expenses (but not lodging), or for incidental expenses alone. (Employees can no longer deduct their unreimbursed expenses because of the suspension of miscellaneous itemized deductions by the TCJA, so these other rates are effectively unavailable to them.) The special rate for the deduction of the incidental expenses is unchanged at $5 per day for those who don’t pay or incur meal expenses for a calendar day (or partial day) of travel.
Business travel made simpler
The per diem rules can greatly simplify the process of substantiating business travel expense amounts. If the amount of an allowance is deemed substantiated because it doesn’t exceed the applicable limit, any unspent amounts don’t have to be taxed or returned. If an employer pays per diem allowances that exceed what’s deemed substantiated, however, the employer must either treat the excess as taxable wages or require actual substantiation. When substantiation is required, any unsubstantiated portion of the allowance must be returned or treated as taxable wages. Please contact us to discuss the rules further.
© 2020
Featured Post
Featured Client Testimonials
Barnes Wendling has been our company accountants for over seven years. Their knowledge has been instrumental in helping us grow strategically during this time. And although we’ve seen many changes in our economy that we cannot control, we’ve always been able to trust the Barnes team to be by our side. The Barnes team feels like family. We can’t thank them enough for their support!
Christine Kloss - Controller, AT&F
Featured Client Testimonials
Barnes Wendling has been our company accountants for over 15 years. During this time, the business has grown exceptionally, and Barnes has kept pace, providing accurate, quality advice. Our finances are more efficient than ever, and the expense of hiring Barnes has been a definite positive add to our bottom line. I give my highest recommendation to their firm.
David Miller, MD - President, Retina Associates of Cleveland
Featured Client Testimonials
Barnes Wendling has provided us guidance and recommendations that have strategically helped strengthen our business and position ourselves for growth. We needed to hire a new VP of Finance and Controller this past year, and they were instrumental in helping us find the best candidates for our company.
Sara Blankenship - President, Kaufman Container
Featured Client Testimonials
We value the trust, accuracy of information, and reliability of Barnes Wendling and Mike Essenmacher personally. Mike has been instrumental as a trusted advisor on accounting, tax, and personnel issues. His advice is always accurate, and he is very reliable. His associates are also very talented.
Dominic Ozanne - President and CEO, Ozanne Construction Company
Featured Client Testimonials
We value Barnes Wendling’s expertise with all things accounting so we can operate our business using our strengths and allowing them to be our experts. They have also brought me a few business sale opportunities to allow me to grow my assets.
John Gaydosh - President and Metallurgical Engineer, Ohio Metallurgical Service
Featured Client Testimonials
Barnes Wendling (especially Lena) did a great job with our financials. Everything. It is extremely refreshing and comforting to know that all of our numbers are not only correct, but they are in the right place(s). Your diligence and reporting truly does make me (personally) feel better.
Thomas Adomaitis - Controller, Bialosky Cleveland
Featured Client Testimonials
I can wholeheartedly tell you that I have yet to work with an audit or tax team that have been more helpful, easy to work with, and committed than the team at Barnes Wendling- I have been through three different firms in the last few years.
Michelle Saylor, Former Controller, Aero Mag
Featured Client Testimonials
Floyd Trouten at Barnes Wendling CPAs is an “expert’s expert” when it comes to M & A accounting. Not only does he understand the evolving details of the Tax Code but he also sees the fine points of their application for owners, managers, investors, and financiers.
Mark A. Filippell, Western Reserve Partners
Featured Client Testimonials
The service is amazing at Barnes Wendling CPAs. The benefit is worth more than the cost. Sometimes it’s true that you get what you pay for.
Mark Boucher - Former Owner, Castle Heating & Air
Featured Client Testimonials
Floyd and Barnes Wendling CPAs always provide us with peace of mind. Floyd is not only our trusted financial advisor, but we trust him like family. The Barnes Wendling CPAs team is always proactive and meet all of our deadlines. We are very grateful for them.
Trish Gleason, OMCO Holdings & Gleason Family Office
Featured Client Testimonials
Our heartfelt thanks to the Barnes Wendling CPAs team for all you do for us, such as your remarkable responsiveness, timeliness in meeting deadlines, and being such a pleasure to work with!
Karyn Davies Mitchell, CareMetx
Featured Client Testimonials
Barnes Wendling takes a holistic, comprehensive approach that helps ensure we are looking ahead to the future. By keeping us up to date on relevant law and regulation changes, we can focus on running our business rather than burying ourselves in tax law. All of this is well communicated, which is the key to any relationship.
Joe Gramc - CFO, Five Star Trucking